Ibikinisho byo mu Bushinwa bimaze kugira umurage gakondo. Iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje kubaho mu mibereho y’abaturage, icyifuzo cy’ibikinisho cya plush kiriyongera. Ibikinisho bya plush byamenyekanye cyane ku isoko ryUbushinwa, ariko ntibishobora kunyurwa nibi kandi bigomba kujya mumahanga. Kwohereza hanze ibikinisho byo mu Bushinwa byohereza hanze, ibintu byinshi byingenzi ntibishobora kwirengagizwa.
（1） Ibyiza
1. Ubushinwa bukora ibikinisho bikinisha bifite amateka yimyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, kandi bumaze gushiraho uburyo bwihariye bwo kubyaza umusaruro nibyiza gakondo. Umubare munini wabakora ibikinisho mubushinwa bahinze umubare munini wimirimo yubuhanga; Uburambe bwimyaka myinshi mubucuruzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze - abakora ibikinisho bamenyereye kubyara ibikinisho nuburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze; Ubwiyongere bugenda bwiyongera mu nganda z’ibikoresho n’inganda zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nazo zabaye inkunga ikomeye mu nganda zikinisha ibikinisho byoherezwa mu mahanga.
2. Gukinisha ibikinisho bikozwe mubikoresho byoroshye kandi ntibigarukira kumutekano no kurengera ibidukikije kuruta ubundi bwoko bwibikinisho. Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi washyize mu bikorwa Amabwiriza y’ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n’amashanyarazi byavanyweho kuva ku ya 13 Kanama 2005 kugira ngo yishyure amafaranga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibiciro byoherezwa mu mahanga ibikinisho bya elegitoroniki n’amashanyarazi byoherezwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi byiyongereyeho hafi 15%, ariko ibikinisho bya plush ntabwo ahanini bigira ingaruka.
（2） Ingaruka
1. Ibicuruzwa biri murwego rwo hasi kandi inyungu ni nke. Ibikinisho byo mu Bushinwa bikinisha ku isoko mpuzamahanga ni “ibiciro” byo mu rwego rwo hasi, bifite agaciro gake. Nubwo ifite umugabane munini ku masoko y’i Burayi n’Amerika, ahanini ishingiye ku nyungu nkeya no mu bucuruzi bwo gutunganya, kandi inyungu zayo ni nke. Ibikinisho by'amahanga byahujije urumuri, imashini n'amashanyarazi, mu gihe ibikinisho by'Abashinwa bisa nkaho biguma ku rwego rwa za 1960 na 1970.
2. Tekinoroji yinganda zikora imirimo myinshi irasubira inyuma, kandi imiterere yibicuruzwa ni imwe. Ugereranije n'ibihangange mpuzamahanga by'ibikinisho, inganda nyinshi zikinisha mu Bushinwa ni nto mu bunini kandi zikoresha ibikoresho gakondo bitunganyirizwa, bityo ubushobozi bwabo bwo gushushanya ni ntege; Umubare munini wibigo by ibikinisho bishingiye kubikorwa byo gutunganya no gutanga ingero nibikoresho byatanzwe; Kurenga 90% nuburyo bwo gukora "OEM", aribwo "OEM" na "OEM"; Ibicuruzwa birashaje, cyane cyane ibikinisho byuzuye byuzuye hamwe nibikinisho bitandukanye bya plush hamwe nibikinisho. Mu buryo bwo gukinisha ibikinisho bikuze, umusaruro no kugurisha, inganda zo gukinisha Ubushinwa ziri mumwanya muto wongeyeho agaciro gake, ntabwo kurushanwa.
3. Kwirengagiza impinduka ku isoko mpuzamahanga ry ibikinisho. Ikintu kigaragara cyabakora ibikinisho byo gukinisha abashinwa ni uko biteze ko abahuza basinyira ibicuruzwa byinshi kubikinisho byoroheje umunsi wose, ariko ntibazi ubumenyi bwimihindagurikire yisoko kandi basaba amakuru. Ntabwo azwi cyane kubijyanye no guteza imbere amategeko n'amabwiriza bijyanye ninganda zimwe kwisi, kugirango ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa butagenzurwa cyane, bikaviramo gucika intege ku isoko.
4. Kubura ibitekerezo biranga. Kubera icyerekezo gito gifatika, ibigo byinshi ntabwo byashizeho ibiranga ibiranga ibikinisho, kandi benshi bakurikira buhumyi icyerekezo. - Kurugero, imiterere yikarito kuri TV irashyushye, kandi buriwese yihutira gukurikirana inyungu zigihe gito; Hano hari abantu bake bafite imbaraga, kandi abantu bake bafata inzira yikimenyetso.
（3） Iterabwoba
1. Gukinisha ibikinisho byabyaye umusaruro mwinshi hamwe ninyungu nke. Umusaruro mwinshi hamwe no kwuzuza isoko ibikinisho bya plush byatumye habaho guhatanira ibiciro bikaze, kugabanuka gukabije kwinjiza ibicuruzwa n’inyungu zoherezwa mu mahanga. Biravugwa ko uruganda rukora ibikinisho mu mujyi wa Chine uri ku nkombe z’Ubushinwa rwashyizeho ikirango cy’isosiyete ikinisha ku isi gutunganya ibikinisho. Igiciro cyo kugurisha iki gikinisho ku isoko mpuzamahanga ni amadorari 10, mu gihe igiciro cyo gutunganya mu Bushinwa ari amafaranga 50 gusa. Ubu inyungu yibigo bikinisha bikinirwa murugo ni bike cyane, muri rusange hagati ya 5% na 8%.
2. Igiciro cyibikoresho fatizo cyazamutse. Izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro bya peteroli byatumye ibiciro byiyongera, kandi hagenda hagaragara isenyuka ry’abacuruzi n’abakora ibicuruzwa ndetse n’ibindi bihe bibi byagaragaye - bikaba byarushijeho kuba bibi ku bakora ibikinisho by’ibikinisho by’Ubushinwa, mu ntangiriro byinjiza amafaranga make yo gutunganya n’amafaranga yo gucunga. Ku ruhande rumwe, tugomba kongera igiciro cyibikinisho kugirango tubeho, kurundi ruhande, dufite ubwoba ko tuzatakaza inyungu yambere yibiciro kubera izamuka ryibiciro, bizatera igihombo kubakiriya batumiza, kandi ingaruka z'umusaruro ntizizwi neza
3. Amabwiriza y’umutekano w’ibihugu by’i Burayi n’Amerika no kurengera ibidukikije ahura n’inzitizi nyinshi. Mu myaka yashize, inzitizi zitandukanye z’ubucuruzi zashyizweho n’Uburayi na Amerika zirwanya ibikinisho zagaragaye mu mugezi utagira iherezo, bituma ibicuruzwa by’ibikinisho by’Abashinwa “bikubitwa” inshuro nyinshi n’ubuziranenge butujuje ibisabwa n’Uburusiya, Danemarke n’Ubudage ndetse no kutagira uburinzi y'uburenganzira n'inyungu z'abakozi bo mu ruganda rw'ibikinisho, bigatuma abakora ibikinisho byinshi murugo bahura ningorane. Mbere yibyo, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wasohoye amabwiriza nkaya Kubuza Azo Dyes Yangiza ndetse n’ubuyobozi rusange bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ku bijyanye n’ibikinisho byoherezwa mu Bushinwa, bishyiraho amahame akomeye y’ibidukikije n’umutekano ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye, harimo n’ibikinisho.
（4） Amahirwe
1. Ibidukikije bikabije bifasha guteza imbere inganda zikinisha ibikinisho byabashinwa guhindura igitutu imbaraga. Tuzahindura imikorere yacu yubucuruzi, tuzamura ubushobozi bwacu bwo guhanga udushya twigenga, kwihutisha ihinduka ryiterambere ryiterambere ryubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga, kandi tunoze guhangana ku rwego mpuzamahanga no guhangana n’ingaruka. Nubwo bigoye, biragoye ko imishinga itera imbere kandi igatera imbere nta mibabaro.
2. Kongera kunoza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze nabyo ni amahirwe kubucuruzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Kurugero, ibigo bimwe binini byatsindiye icyemezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije bizarushaho gutoneshwa nabakiriya - ibicuruzwa bishya byateye imbere murwego rwo hejuru bizakurura ibicuruzwa byinshi. Ibigo byunguka gukurikiza amategeko mpuzamahanga bizahinduka intego y’abakora ibicuruzwa bito bito, ntabwo ari bibi ku ivugurura n’iterambere ry’inganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-15-2022